a borítólapra  Súgó epa Copyright 
Közgazdász fórum22. évf. 4. (141.) sz. (2019.)

Tartalom

  • Iván Bélyácz :

    Nowadays, we live in a knowledge-based economy. The focal point of the term ‘knowledge-based economy’ is the greater reliance on intellectual capabilities than on physical inputs or natural resources. That is why innovation provides fi rms with a strategic orientation to overcome the diffi culties they encounter while striving to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. The strategy that governs the innovation process within a company is called the innovation strategy. It gives guidance on the allocation of resources in order to achieve the previously set goals. All these mean that innovation is considered to be one of the most important factors determining competitive advantage. Researchers can be divided into two main groups. Some of them consider that the concept of competitiveness mostly relates to fi rms and products. Others fi nd that national competitiveness is a signifi cant determinant of fi rms’ overall competitiveness and they analyse it from a sectoral viewpoint. Continuous growth in productivity over a longer period of time should be the top goal of economic policy. For achieving all this, a knowledge generation encouraging the business environment is needed to foster constant innovation in products, services, processes and management.

    Keywords: innovation, knowledge, innovation strategy, competitiveness, productivity, new economy.

    JEL codes: D83, J24, O31.

  • László Berényi :

    Defi ning the well-run company requires a comprehensive approach considering the general acceptance of the stakeholder theory. The ASPEN Institute prepared a survey to explore the main characteristics of well-run companies. The results among MBA students show that, beyond attracting and retaining exceptional people, customer orientation and quality are considered the most important factors, while strategic issues and social responsibility are less important. Comparing the results to former international surveys, the sample of Hungarian master’s-level business students shows local characteristics. Based on the responses of 471 students, the statistical analysis indicates that being a stable employer and eff ective, fl exible operations are more essential than in other samples. The analysis of variance pointed out a signifi cant diff erence between full-time and part-time student reviews. The latter group evaluated strategic and social issues as being more important, and their opinions are closer to the professional concept of management. The results can be used to develop more eff ective content for learning materials in the fi eld.

    Keywords: well-run company, ASPEN survey, management education, student reviews, leadership.

    JEL codes: C14, M14, M29.

  • Veronika Fenyves ,
    Éva Bácsné Bába ,
    Krisztina Dajnoki ,
    Dóra Kerezsi :
    Analysis of the financial situation of Hungarian sports enterprises25-38en [648.12 kB - PDF]EPA-00315-00131-0030

    The reason for the dynamic development of the sports industry is the increase in demand for sports opportunities due to leisure and lifestyle changes. This creates a continually expanding market for enterprises providing sports services and for businesses dealing with sports tourism and sports equipment production. Thus, the economic analysis of enterprises engaged in sports activities is an interesting and necessary fi eld of research. The primary objective of this paper is to analyse the fi nancial situation of enterprises whose primary business activity falls under NACE 931 “Sports activity”. The 1,568 enterprises included in the sample were grouped into four clusters based on their net sales revenue, operating profi t and balance sheet total. Subsequently, individual clusters were analysed (return on assets, return on equity, quick liquidity ratio and total indebtedness). The favourable short-term fi nancial position of sports enterprises is due to their activity, i.e. they possess a relatively high amount of cash and a low amount of short-term liabilities. However, in the long run, these enterprises are signifi cantly indebted, the main reason for that being probably their very low or even negative equity.

    Keywords: sports industry, Hungary, enterprises’ fi nancial situation, return on assets, quick ratio, total leverage.

    JEL codes: Z20, Z23.

  • Ibolya Szalai ,
    Arnold Tóth :
    Lateral innovation in finance39-53en [617.10 kB - PDF]EPA-00315-00131-0040

    Our study focuses on the applicability of lateral innovation in the fi nancial fi eld. In the fi rst part of this article, we discuss in detail the concepts related to lateral innovation and we diff erentiate between lateral and traditional innovations. Later, we will introduce a major breakthrough in the fi nancial sector, the cryptocurrency. The aim of our analysis is to fi nd a fi nancial lateral innovation by processing the literature and the answers received from the in-depth interview.

    Keywords: behavioural economics, blockchain, innovative cryptocurrency, lateral thinking, rationality.

    JEL codes: G02, G40, O30.