Abstract: This paper presents preliminary results of dendrochronological analyses of the first occurrence of subfossil tree trunks from Drava alluvial sediments. Driftwood logs were found at an outer bend of the Drava river near the village of Babócsa. The site is covered by >6 m fluvial sand and gravel. Trunks are arranged horizontally, roughly in the same bed, between massive gravel and sand layers. Fourteen samples had been collected within a hundred metre long outcrop, arranged in three distinct sets.. Half of the samples are oak (Quercus robur L., n=7), fewer samples belonged to beech (Fagus sylvatica, n=2), wych elm (Ulmus scabra, n=1), european white elm (Ulmus laevis, n=2) and finally a there are one sample each of poplar (Populus spp.) and larch (Larix decidua). The samples were processed following the standard dendrochronological protocol. Ring width was measured to the nearest 0.01mm. Despite the most likely origin of the samples is the riverbank; the oak trunks had narrow tree-ring sequences. An oak trunk of a diameter not more 20 cm contains more than 240 rings and two other oak samples have about 200 rings. These three long series could be crossdated, forming a 249 year long chronology. The chronology built from the three synchronized records (sample codes BAB 002, BAB 003, BAB 007) was tested with surrounding oak master chronologies, without success. The first subfossil wood remains from the Drava river and their loating chronology will be of help to understand changes in river dynamics and the former composition of the tree species on the floodplain.
Keywords: wood anatomy, dendrochronology, subfossil, driftwood, oak
Abstract: In Summer 2017, a well was unearthed at the archaeological site within the boundaries of Őrtilos, identified as Zrínyi Újvár. Archaeologists hoped that the dendrochronological analysis of the wooden remains would provide an exact dating of the site. Furthermore, they expected data for to decide whether there was an earlier fortification there and whether that could be considered as the predecessor of Zrínyi Újvár. Dendrochronological analysis included 23 samples, most of them coming from young and often injured trees. The used material was mainly pedunculate oak, a smaller part of the samples was made either of sessile oak, or of spruce. Eight samples could be dated leading to the conclusion that the material of the well was cut not earlier than in 1658.
Keywords: dendrochronology, Dating, woodkonstruction
Abstract: In this paper are summarized the phytosociological characteristics of the white poplar dominated riparian forests (Senecioni sarracenici-Populetum albae) along the Rába river in western Hungary. This community grows typically on alluvial soils developed over fluvial sand in the more elevated parts of the lower floodplain. Its species composition is clearly different from that of the oak-ash-elm forests growing in the higher floodplain, particularly in the higher proportion of Salicetea species, and the lower proportion of Fagetalia species. Stands of this community host some local and regional rarities, such as Leucojum vernum, Galanthus nivalis, Omphalodes scorpioides, Peltaria alliacea, Scilla drunensis, Stellaria alsine. The community is classified in the „Populenion nigro-albae Kevey 2008” suballiance.
Keywords: Syntaxonomy, riparian forest, Rába River, Natura 2000 designation, Vas County, West Hungary
Abstract: The studied alder swamps are situated in SW Hungary on aeolian sand. Its canopy is dominated by Alnus glutinosa. Statistics of flora elements, life forms, phytosociological characters and social behaviour types are given. The surveyed stands are characterised by following specialists: Carex elongata, Hottonia palustris, Thelypteris palustris, Dryopteris carthusiana, D. dilatata, D. cristata, Urtica kioviensis, Ludwigia palustris, Leucobryum glaucum, Sphagnum palustre.
Keywords: phytosociology, wetland habitat, vegetation on sand, forest association
Abstract: The authors show that the shell sizes of Alinda biplicata are largest in the Bakony Mountains, are the smallest in the Somogy Hillys.
Keywords: biometrics, climatic type, elongation (H/W), frequency distribution curve, height (H), statistical calculation, vegetation zone, width (W)
Abstract: The various works of fine art can serve a number of interesting and uncompromising visual information from different eras when there are no other evidence to reconstruct a study event or to collide with various scientific hypotheses. This review introduces several examples when the poultry depicting of different periods mediates the natural science knowledge for the agricultural experts. For example, the first European artistic representation of turkey clearly demonstrates when the Spanish conquerors appeared in Central America, the domestication of wild turkey was already very advanced. It is very interesting that the representatives of poultry science did not think so before.
Keywords: paintings, Hungarian and international painters, history of poultry
Abstract: This article focus on the status of the woman in the main cultures (Baden complex and Yamna) of the Late Copper Age (3600-2800 BC) and the transitional period (2800-2600 BC). Although the Bell Beaker complex belongs to the Early Bronze Age in Hungary (2500-1900 BC), in European terminologies it is a Late Neolithic culture and belongs to the Reinecke A0 horizon in its late phase, which is why I included it into my research. I identify charismatic people displaying signs of agression in these three culture complexes, whose personalities are associated with warfare. In all three cultures there were women with specialised status: their knowledge, property and profession raised them above the average man and woman.
Keywords: Late Copper Age, social structure, woman’s social status, female warrior
Abstract: This paper continues the article on Roman Age barrows published in the previous Yearbook. Beside Roman cemeteries covered in earlier literature, it presents more recently found burials.
Keywords: Roman Age, Cemetery
Abstract: Mediaeval (Early Árpád-dynasty period) finds were found at several places in Zamárdi. There were often contradictory information on these in the technical literature and in the repositories. In this paper we try to clarify, where these graves / cemeteries could be located.
Keywords: cemeteries, early Arpadian age settlements, topography
Abstract: The Benedictine monastery was founded in 1061. During the excavations we found the remains of an earlier church and fortification. The earlier buildings of the abbey were situated in the southern and western wing, while towards the East a chapel was built. The quadrum was completed at the turn of the 14-15 C. with the reuse of earlier buildings.
Keywords: Middle age, Benedictine abbey, cemetery, fortifications, hypocaustum
Abstract: The paper deals with the 12. C. reconstruction of the Cathedral of Pécs. The romanesque reliefs now decorating the entrance zone of the crypt are in their secondary position. Through thorough examination the possibility of a great western front arises. Within the reliefs of the Samson cycle the so-called tree-pulling Samson depicts a unique representation. Various impects yielded in the formation of the medieval conception of the Samson figure.
Keywords: west front, Samson, romanesque, Ripoll, Porta Speciosa
Abstract: Balatonszárszó-Kis-erdei-dűlő was excavated along the track of the M7 motorway, in Somogy county and archaeologist found a fortificated churchsite of the former medieval Szárszó village with a linear apse church, 1346 graves and a group of light-structured buildings and cellar pits. There were more finds, for example that 105 pieces of hungarian and other central-europian coins, which were dated between 13. century and 16. century. Hungarian archaeology usually do not treat these objects, but I try to interupt them and define the money circulation of the excavation site in the context of hungarian coinhoards and coin finds from other excavations.
Keywords: M7 motorway; Balatonszárszó; coins; numismatics
Abstract: This article deals with the excavation centered in Balatonszemes, during 17-25 June, 2007. On the site called ’Bolondvár’ - now surrounded by the mansion of the Kern family - existed a stronghold from the Ottoman era, bearing a significance in srategic defence. Our excavation proved no evidence of a presumed settlement or enclosure from the prehistoric period. Due to the built-in and disturbed area, we found no material from the enclosure and the inner buildings. As our chief result, we determined the structure of the west causeway along with a deep trench situtated before it. Remains of a collapsed house refers to the stronghold’s destruction by the fire circa 1683-86. The most important material from the late Ottoman era was uncovered there: glazed wares, bit, whitstone and a large group of animal bones.
Keywords: archaelogy, excavation, Ottoman period, stronghold
Abstract: In Őrtilos, at the Őrtilos-Zrínyi-Újvár archaeological site, between 25 July 2016 and 26 May 2017, archaeological excavations were performed supported by the National Cultural Fund (NKA) 207134/00284 project. In 2017, we have uncovered a 14.5 m deep well within the fortress. In the well there were human bones, military clothing and equipment remains found. During the exploration we could find a timber construction, which is without parallel according to our previous knowledge. The shaft of the well is octagonal, lined with oak planks.
Keywords: early modern age, turkish era, earth fortress, wood-lined wells
Abstract: In the first half of the study excavation projects financed with the support of local governments and NKA (Bárdudvarnok, Iharos, Zamárdi) are described, in the second half the archeological results of the excavation connected to a development of Route No 67 and Route No 76 are related.
Keywords: Lengyel & Balaton-Lasinja Culture circle foss, grave, Baden Culture biritual cemetery, Incrusted Pottery cemeterys, Premonstratensian Monastery, settlements from different ages
Abstract: The Red Cross Association of the Countries of the Hungarian Holy Crown was founded on 16th May 1881 in Budapest, with the aim of carrying out humanitarian activities in addition to the curing and caring of injured or sick war veterans, going beyond military attendance and complementing state attendance. Between 1887 and 1899 ten branches were founded in Somogy. In addition to the already existing branches of the county seat, the patriotic fervor following the breakout of the war resulted in the establishment of 53 further healthcare facilities with altogether 1822 beds for the injured soldiers in 40 municipalities. This is the very first essay to describe their activities, disclosing detailed monitoring data about the amount of donations. The essay describes in detail the history of the two largest branches of the county (Balatonlelle and Szigetvár).
Keywords: World War I, Somogy county, Red Cross, wounded soldiers, hinterland support
Abstract: In this paper an analysis of the transformation of hungarian birth culture and midwifery are given. The research is based on the professional objects and diaries of a midwife from Rinyaújlak, Somogy County (now the property of the City Museum of Nagyatád) and on interviews with a midwife from Nagyatád. The main argument of the paper is that in the middle of the last century a hybrid birth culture can be observed that is a mixture of traditional midwifery and the modern medicalized culture of birth identified with hospital care.
Keywords: birth culture, medicalization, institutionalization, biopolitics
Abstract: This study is based on a nationwide questionnaire of National Faluszövetség (Assotiation of Villages) on the region general conditions conducted in 1921 and 1925, and it compares the public administration, legal, intellectual and communal state of three settlements in the North-Western region of Zselic in Somogy County: Kadarkút, Bárdudvarnok, Hedrehely. It also gives the readers a picture of the region level of farming techniques and the relation to other settlements of the three villages, the local conditions of faires and pastures, main agricultural methods. It also examines the farming land and living ground distributions and prices of houses and field. The source is saved in Archiv of the original scrifts in the Hungarian Agricultural Museum as heritage of Dr Antal Bodor.
Keywords: local situation in public administration, intellectual life and communal services, the level of regional farming techniques, rural lifestyle
Abstract: Recollection of religious holidays in the villages of Gölle, Kisgyalán and Fonó was completed on a calendar year, focusing on the most important church holidays. During the celebration human relationships between the villages were important and are important even today. The celebration of the sanctified days of the church year has changed over the past century for both the Church and the faithful due to the change in lifestyle, attitude, and the growth of material goods.
Keywords: religion, church, sanctified days, lifestyle, tradition, celebration, village
Abstract: The 1910’s brought about the appearance of a number of pieces with the subject of music in Rippl’s oeuvre, which do not exhibit French impact from the perspective of painting only, but with regards to the approach to musical topics and music in general as well. The aforementioned pieces lend themselves to be observed from a new angle when considering the change of attitude which has developed in the areas of painting and music in the 19th century, and which influenced the approach of certain French circles towards music and so the approach of the Hungarian painter who used to foster active relations with these circles. Through the example of The Yellow Piano-Room, I wish to present - with the emphasis placed on the Róma-ville era - the way how the French interest towards music perceived by the painter in Paris during the 1890’s, has gained new and unique shape in his art in the 1910’s.
Keywords: Nabis, Kaposvár, Róma-ville, absorption, instrument, nocturne, picturing listening
Abstract: Experimental artists are consciously looking for possibilities to make the program fail. So they play against the apparatus. Tomography is a process of imaging by sections, done through the use of any kind of penetrating wave. The normal use for Computer Topography is in medical imaging of the human body as object. The artist makes “improper use” of this system through placing different objects in the tomograph. The photographic images produced can be then animated, creating unexpected results in the form of abstract moving images. Metal causes disturbances to the magnetic field. It is considered to be a failure in CT-technology. At the same time, the aesthetic aspect of such disturbances prove interesting to the artist. She/He does not attempt to eliminate the disturbance, but on the contrary strengthen it. Stepping artefacts are inherent in this process. It can be a unique voyage; peeping into the inner workings of different technical instruments/apparatuses in an aesthetic and informative way. The CT scans of the author were taken at the Health Center of Kaposvar University in Hungary.
Keywords: Computed Tomography, Penetrative seeing, X-ray, Artefacts, CT-animation, Transparency, Abstraction, Media-art